Three Band Active Tone Control 
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Description :
 LF353 Wide Bandwidth Dual JFET Input Operational Amplifier 
   General Description 
       These devices are low cost, high speed, dual JFET input  operational amplifiers with an internally trimmed input   offset voltage  (BI-FET II technology). They require low supply current yet maintain a  large gain band  width product and fast slew rate. In addition, well  matched high voltage JFET input devices provide  very low input bias   and offset currents.        The LF353 is pin compatible with the  standard LM1558 allowing designers to immediately upgrade  e the overall  performance of existing LM1558 and LM358 designs.        These  amplifiers may be used in applications such as high speed integrators,  fast D/A converters, sample and  hold circuits and many other circuits  requiring low input offset voltage, low input bias current, high input  impedance,  high slew rate and wide bandwidth. The devices also exhibit  low noise and offset voltage drift. (National Semiconductor)  
  Features :
   Internally trimmed offset voltage: 10 mV 
   Low input  bias current: 50pA 
   Low input noise voltage: 25 nV 
   Low input noise current: 0.01 pA 
  Wide gain bandwidth: 4 MHz 
   High slew rate: 13 V/us 
   Low supply current: 3.6 m 
   High input impedance: 1012. 
   Low total harmonic distortion : <>
   Low 1/f noise corner: 50 Hz 
   Fast settling time to 0.01%: 2 us 
Power Amplifier
 
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LA47536 Four-Channel 45 W BTL Car Audio Power Amplifier
 The LA47536 is a 4-channel BTL power amplifier IC developed for use in car audio systems. The output stage features 
  - A pure complimentary structure that uses V-PNP transistors on the  high side and NPN transistors on the low side to provide high power and  superb audio quality. 
  - The LA47536 includes almost all the functions required for car audio  use, including a standby switch, a muting function, and each protection  circuit. It also provides a self-diagnosis function (output offset  detection). (Sanyo) 
  Functional Description
 1. Standby Switch Function (pin 4) 
      The pin 4 threshold voltage is set to be 2 VBE. When Vst is 2.0V or  higher, the amplifier will be on, and when Vst, is  0.7V or lower, the  amplifier will be off. Note that pin 4 requires an operating current of  at least 40uA. 
  2. Muting Function 
     The IC is set to the muted state by setting pin 22 to the ground  potential. In this state, the audio output is muted. The  time constant  with which the muting function operates is set by an external RC  circuit, and this time constant  influences the pop noise that occurs  when the amplifier is turned on or off. 
 The muting on and off times due to the recommended external component values (R=10k, C=3.3uF) are as follows.
  Muting on time: 50ms 
 Muting off time: 20ms 
    3. Self-Diagnosis Function (Speaker burnout prevention) 
  During steady state operation, the LA47536 detects, internally, whether  or not an abnormal amplifier output offset has occurred, and outputs  this signal from pin 25. Applications can prevent speaker burnout and  other problems by having the system microcontroller detect this pin 25  output signal and control either the standby state or the power supply.  (An abnormal output offset may be caused by, for example, input  capacitor leakage current.) The pin 25 signal is turned off by setting  pin 1 to the ground potential. 
   4. Oscillator Stability 
  In some cases, parasitic oscillations may be induced by the PCB layout.  This oscillation can be eliminated by adding the components listed  below. Note that the optimal capacitor value must be verified by testing  in the actual mounted state in the end product. Connect a capacitor and  resistor (0.1uF and 2.2) in series between each output pin and ground. 
   5. Audio Quality (Low band) 
       The frequency characteristics in the low frequencies can be  improved by making the capacitance of the input  capacitors variable.  The recommended capacitance is 2.2uF and smaller. 
   6. Protection Circuits 
       Do not ground the outputs with the STBY voltage at around 1.4V.  Also, do not turn the IC off in the grounded state  with a time constant  provided for the STBY voltage. 
   7. Pop Noise 
  Although the LA47536 includes an pop noise prevention circuit, pop  noise can be reduced even further by using the muting function as well.  Activate the muting function at the same time as power is applied. Then,  after the output DC potential has stabilized, turn off the muting  function. When turning the amplifier off, first turn on the muting  function and then turn off the power supply. These two methods are  effective at minimizing pop noise.
Pre Amplifier PCB

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